It is one of the oldest myths on the water: that ship captains can automatically marry couples the moment they set sail. The image is irresistible, with a sunset on the horizon, waves rolling, and the captain declaring “I now pronounce you.” But in truth, most captains have no legal power to do this. Marriage laws are set by governments, not by the sea.

There are a few rare exceptions. In Japan and Malta, some captains are allowed to perform weddings at sea. Certain cruise lines even register their ships in places like Bermuda or Malta so their captains can legally tie the knot for passengers. In the United States, however, a captain needs more than a uniform. They must also be a judge, justice of the peace, or ordained minister to make it official.

The captain’s wedding may be a favorite scene in books and films, but in real life it is far more myth than maritime law.